Internal-combustion engine.



E. B. WINKLEY.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4.1906.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4,1906 1,131,099. Patented Mar.9,1915.

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rUNITED *STATES PATENJ @Fh/J1EE.

ERASTUS E. W'INKLEY, OF LYNN, /IASSACHLSETTS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application niet May 4,1956.

To LU yiti/fom it may concern Be it known that l, l'lnivsfrns finn- Lnr,a citi/:en of the 'United States, residing at Lynn, in the county oiEssex and Iritate ot' Massachusetts, have inrented certain new anduseful Improvements in lntcrnalC01n bustion Engines; and I do herebydecl-.1re the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to improvements in internal combustionorigines.

In internal-cembustion engines. as at prerent more commonly constructed,the entire volume of explosive mixture used at each working stroke ofthe piston is that which is drawn into the cylinder by the precedingsuction stroke, or, in a two-cycle engine, drawn into the crank caseduring the preceding compression stroke of the piston. 'l'his Charge isignited at, or shortly before, the commencement et the working stroke,and during this stroke its pressure, which is at first as great as theworking parts oi the engine are. calculated to bear, falls rapidly, on acurve tmproximating an adiabatic curve, so that near the end of theworking stroke, Vwhen the exhaust commences, the working pressure hasfallen to pounds or less per square inch. This mode ol operation Yresultsin a mean etlqeetive pressure much less than the maximum pressureof the explosion, and during most of the expansion stroke the engine isworking under a. pressure much lower than the working parts can safelybear.

One object o1 the present invention is to increase the efficiency ofinternal-combustion engines by arranging and constructing them in such amanner that a high working pressure is maintained through a greaterportion of the working stroke than in engines of the ordinary character.

Another object ofthe invention is to produce an engine. for use wheneIthe power demand Varies widely, as, for example, in automobiles, theengine operating economically and in a normal manner so long as amoderate amount of power is demanded, but havingl provision forsubstantially increasing its power either automatically or at the willof the operator when an extraordinary amount thereof is required.

To the abovecnds the invention contem plates the use, in connection withthe ordi- Specifxcatien of Letters Patent.

Serial No. if; fio.

nary \\'orl-;ing parts oi an internal-combustion engine operating in theordinary, or any suitable, manner, to induce, compress, and tire anexplosive or combustible charge, ot' auxiliary devices l'or explodingand introducing into the working cylinder, during the working stroke otthe piston, an additional supply ot motive lluid to maintain the initialhigh working pressure during a greater part ot' the working stroke, sothat thc power of the engine is greatly increased without increase inthe dimension of the cylinder or the strength ot the working parts.

Other objects and features of the invention will -lne noted inconnection with the description of the illustrated embodiment of theinvention.

ln the drawings Figure l. is a iront elevation, partly in section.y ot'an internal-com bustion engine embodying the present invention; Fig. 2is a lett side elevation partly in section; Fig. 3 is a right sideelevation with parts omitted; ["ig. 4 is a, liront elevation of aportion et' the cam mechanism and the ignition-timing devices; Fig. 5 isa detail iront ele\ ation ot the exhaust cams and part of the cammechanism; Fig. (S is a detail plan view of the ignition-timing devices;and Fig. 7 is a sectional detail View of a part of the ignition-timingdevices.

In the illustrated embodiment 'the invention is applied to a lt-cycleinternal-combustion engine. The engine is provided with a workingcylinder 1 in which a piston 2 reciprocates. The upper end of thecylinder is integral with a combustion Chamber 3 in which an explosivecharge is compressed by the pistou and exploded in the ordinary manner.The combustion chamber is provided with the ordinary inlet and exhaustvalves 4; and 5, shown in Fig. 1, the exhaust valve being actuated inthe usualmanner by a spring and a cam mechanism.

The lower end of the, cylinder 1 is constructed to operate. inconjunction with the piston, as a pump, being closed i'or this purA posewith a head (3 provided with a stufiing box 7 through which passes apiston rod 8 connected with the piston. The piston rod is connected alsowith a cross-head J sliding in guides on the engine frame. and a connecting rod 10 connects the cross-head with a crank 1l on the crank shatt 12of the engine. The lower end of the cylinder is connected, through aL)ort 13, and a pipe 14, with the pipe 15 through which explosivemixture is supplied to the engine, the pipe 15 being connected at itslower end with any suitable device for supplying an explosive mixture.The pipe l5 is also connected with the inlet valve 4, so that at eachstroke of the piston in the cylinder explosive mixture is drawn into oneend or the other of the cylinder. The pipe 14 is provided with anautomatic puppet valve 16 which prevents the return of mixture from thecylinder, and it is also provided with a manually-operable stop cock 17.In addition to the main combustion chamber 3 above described, anauxiliary combustion chamber 18 is provided, this chamber beingconnected with the lower end of the cylinder by a transfer passage19provided with an automatic puppet valve 20. The mixture drawn into thelower 'end of the cylinder by the piston on its upward or in-stroke iscompressed, during the succeed-` ing out-stroke of the piston, andpasses through the transfer. passage 19 and the valve 20 into theauxiliary combustion 'chamber 18, its return uponthe succeeding instrokeof the piston being prevented by the puppet valve 20. The auxiliarycombustion` chamber 18 is connected through a port 21` with the cylinderat a point somewhat below the uppermost position of the piston 2, andthis port is controlled by a valve 22 having a stem 23 provided with acollar 24 engaged by a compression spring 25, which normally holds thevalve 22 closed so as to interrupt communication between the auxiliarycombustion chamber and the cylinder. The lower end of the stem 23 isengaged by a push rod 26 guided in the frame of the engine. The lowerend of the push rod rests upon an arm 27 fixed to a rock shaft 28slidingly mounted in lugs 29 on the frame of the engine. The rock shaft28 carries also an arm. 30 on which is journaled a cam roll 31 (see.Figs. 1, 2 and5') which engages a ,cam 32 fixed to the halflspeed shaft33 of the engine. The shaft 33 carries also a ear 34 meshing with apinion35 on the cran shaft 12, by which the shaft 33 is rotated at halfthe speed ofthe crank shaft, in the usual manner. The shaft 33 carriesthe exhaust cam 36 by which the exhaust valve 4 is operated in the usualmanner, the movements being communicated from the cam 36 to the valve bymeans of mechanism similar to that by which the valve 22' is operated(sce Fig. l) and including a rock-shaft 37, a push rod 38, a lever 39pivoted at 40 on thc top of the engine, and a cap 41 engaged by theforked end of the llever 39 and resting upon the upper end of theexhaust valve stem. The exhaust valve is normally held closed bya spring42 in the ordinary manner.

lgniting devices lare provided, both for the main combustion chamber 3and for the auxiliary combustion chamber 18, these dcvicescomprisinguspark plugs '13 and 44 re- Y spectively, together with asuitable source of electricity connected with the spark plugs andoperating in the ordinary manner to produce sparks at the proper time.The times at which the ignition is effected are determined by the timingdevices, shown particularly in Figs. 1, 4, 6 and 7. The half-speed shaft33 carries a disk 45 of insulating material, provided with two metallicContact pieces 46 and 47. Two contact springs 48 and 49 bear against thedisk 45 in position to be engaged by the contact pieces 46 and 47respectively during the rotation of the disk 45. The sprin 48 isconnected with the electrical devices y which the spark plug 44 in theauxiliary combustion chamber is operated, while the sprin 49 isconnected with the electrical devices or operating the spark plug in themaincombustion chamber, and the relative positions of the springs andthe contact pieces 46 and 47 are such that as the disk 45 rotates in thedirection of the arrow (Fig. 4) an electrical contact will be made,first between the contact piece 47 and the spring 49, and, shortlyafterward between the contact piece 46 and the spring 48, so as toignite first the charge in the main combustion chamber, and then thecharge in the auxiliary combustion chamber. These timing devices operateto distribute the current to the induction coils or other devices bywhich the spark plugs are operated, and as the construction of suchdevices is familiar they are not here shown. The contact'springs arefixed to stems 50 which pass through insulating bushings 51 seated inbase plates 52 engaging slots 53 in brackets 54 and 55, the slots 53being curved concentrically with the half-speed shaft 33. Nuts 56 on thestems 50 serve to fix the parts above described together. By thisarrangement the contact springs 48 and 49 may be adjusted angularlyabout the shaft 33 to vary the times at which contacts are made and theignition devices are operated, it being necessary for this purpose onlyto loosen the nuts 56 and move the base plates 52 one way or the otherin the slots 53.

The bracket 54 is mounted infixed posif tion upon the frame of theengine, but the bracket 55 is mounted to move longitudinally withrespect to the half-speed shaft 33, being `supported for this purpose bymeans of two lugs 58 and 59. The lug 58 slides freely upon a pin 6() onthe frame of the engine, and the lug 59 is embraced between the lever 30and colla'r 62 fixed to the rock shaft 28. (See Figs. l. and 2). The'rear end of the rock shaft 28 carries a groovcd collar 63, engaged b v apin 64 n a hand lever 65 pivoted at 66 on the frame of the engine. Thehand lever is secured in position by a binding screw 67 engaging aslotted sector 68 (sce Figs. 2 and 3). This arrangement is such that bvreleasing and moving the hand lever G5 the/ rock shaft Q8 mav be movedlongitudinally in its bearings on uthe frame of the engine, carryingwith it the cam lever 30 and also the bracket 55.h its shown in thedrawings the hand lever is in such position that these parts areoperative, the cam roll 31 engaging the cam 32 and the bracket being insuch position that the contact spring 48 carried thereby piloperlyengages the insulating disk lo and the contact piece alti, but when thehandlever is moved to its opposite position, that is, to the. left asshown in Fig. 2T, the rock shaft 225 moves longitudinally in the sainedirection, and the cam roll 3l and the contact .spring 48 are therebycarried out of operative engagement with the cam and the .Contact piece,so that the valve 2L). and the ignitmg device for the auxiliarycombustion chamber cease to operate. The stop cock lT in the inlet pipe14, Fig. l, is closed by the opei'ative at the same time, and the enginethen operates as an ordinary four-cycle engine, combustion occurringonly in the main conibustioii chamber, while the piston merely worksagainst a vacuum in the lower end of the cylinder.

When it is desired to obtain the full power of the engine the stop cock1T is opened and the hand lever moved to the position of the drawings,so as to throw the auxiliary coni-- biistioii chamber and its ignitingdevices into operation, and the engine then operates as'followsa-bupposing the parts to be in the position of the drawings,with Athe engine at the beginning of its lcycle of operations, upon thedescent ot the piston `a charge of explosive mixture is drawn in throughthe inlet valve Yl and simultaneously the contents of the cylinder belowthe pis ton, consisting of explosive mixture previously drawn into thecylinder through the port lli, is compressed and forced through thetransfer passage 19 into the auxiliary combustion chamber lo, the latterbeing thereby illed with explosive. ii'iixture under consideral'ilepressure. lipoii the succeeding upward or instroke of the piston thespace below the piston is again lilleil with explosive mixture throughthe. port l. and the mixture above the piston is compressed into i'liemain combustion chamber 2'5. inst lie-- lore the piston reaches thelimit of its stroke contact piece i7 engages the contact spring it), asshown in lfig. l. and thereby causes the spark plug of the maincombustion chamber to operate and lire the charge in the usual manner.'lhe pistou then conr menees its out-stroke. and during the first parlol the oubstroke the Contact piece -lt engages th.A contact spring loand cames the .spark plug 'l'or the auxiliary chamber to op craie andlire the charge in the auxiliary eliambei, .\t about the same time thecam Si engages the cain roll 3l, and through the mechanism abovedescribed the valve 22 is lifted, affording free communication throughthe port 2l from the auxiliary combustion chamber 18 to the cylinder. Atthis time, or shortly thereafter, the piston in its outward strokeuncovers the port il, and the contenis of the auxiliary combustionchim'iber flow into the cylinder, thereby raising the pressure in thecylinder above the point to which t has fallen on'ing to the descent ofthe piston, and the piston then continues on its outstroke to the bottomof the cylinder, the exhaust \alve being opened shortly before itreaches the bottoni in order to permit the burnt gases to escape. Duringthis working stroke of the piston the explosive mixture below the pistonis compressed, and as soon as the pressure beneath the piston has risensulliciently to equal that in the auxiliary combustion chamber and theupper part of the cylinder the. explosive mixture begins to llow throughthe valve 2() into the ai'ixiliary chamber. During the last part of theworking stroke ofi the piston, when the exhaust valve is open and thepressure in the cylinder and the auxiliar.)v chamber has fallen toatmospheric pressure, the mixture remaining below the piston lionsfreely through `the valve 2() into the auxiliary chamber and thencethrough the port'rl into the cylinder. ln this manner the burnt gasesremaining in the auxiliary chamber are swept out by a fresh mixture, andalso a quantity of fresh mixture is delivered to the cylinder. Upon thesucceeding instroke of the piston, during which the exhaust valve o isheld open, the burnt gases are discharged from the cylinder, and theexplosive mixture delivered to the cylinder from the auxiliary chamberdilutes the contents of the main combustion chamber 3 and partially orentirely displaces the burnt gases which would otherwise remain therein,so that the engine operates with a purer explosive charge than when it1s running as an ordinary four-cycle engine` and that the power of theengine is thereby further augmented.

Owing to the reinforcement of the working charge in the cylinder by theauxiliary combustion chamber the power of the engine is much greater,when operated in the manner above described, than that of the ordinaryfour-cycle engine of the same dimensions. 'lhis makes thc engineparticularly useful for automobiles and other purposes where an engineof great power and light weight is required, particularly where theamount of power required varies widely from time to time, as in anautomobile. lt has previously been necessary, in such a connection, touse an engine of sufiicint power to meet the utmost demands, such lasare encountered in climbing hills, and consequently such engines, whenoperating under normal conditions, are running under only a fraction oftheir full load, with a resulting loss in economy which is wellrecogni-zed by those skilled in the art. The present invention, however,is adapted to operate not only With a power much greater than itsnormalloutput when the necessity arises but it also operates, undernormal conditions, under a full or substantially full load, With theeconomy incident thereto, owing to the fact that when the auxiliarydevices are thrown out of operation the engine operates as an ordinaryinternal-coinbustion engine; and thus, owing to the flexibilityresuiting from the use of the auxiliary devices, a comparatively smallengine operating normally uiider substantially full load may be used inplace of a larger engine operating normally under reduced load.

A further advantage of the invention lies in the facility with which itmay be inade self-starting; there are twice as many residual chargesremaining in the engine after stopping as in the ordinary engine of thesame number of cylinders and it is further to be noted that theauxiliary chambers will retain compression much longer than thecylinders as there are 4no pistons therein to alford opportunity forleakage. When the engine is to be used as self-starting the auxiliarydevices are thrown into operation just before stopping the engine, andthe engine is then stopped by switching off the electricity, whereby thecombustion chainbers ai'e left charged with explosive mixture.

Although the invention has been illustrated as embodied in an engineoperating on the ordinary Otto or four-cycle principle, it is notlimited to an engine of this chai'- acter but may be embodied ininternal-combustion engines of other types.

The applicant is aware that it has been ipreviously proposed to providean engine V with a plurality of combustion chambers into which explosivecharges are compressed and in which they are successively ignited, butin such previously-proposed devices the charges have not been formedindependently, that is to say, they have been formed by diverting a partof the charge which would normally be compressed into the maincombustion chamber by the piston, so that instead of augmenting thepower of the engine the use of such devices as have been previouslyproposed would result in a decrease in the power of the engine, owing tothe fact that the entire amount of explosive mixture drawn into thecylinder above the piston is not utilized as effectively as in theordinary engine, and owing to the further fact that in such devices ashave been previously proposed the charges in the several combustionchaiiibersihave not been ignited by independent igniting devicesoperating to ignite them suliicicntly early to cause the pressure torise to its fullest extent before the contents is discharged into thecylinder, but have relied upon the ignition of the charges in theseveral combustion chambers by the flame in the cylinder coming intocontact with the charges successively as the piston uncovers the portsto the several conibustion chambers.

The invention is not limited in general to the details of constructionand operation ofthe illustrated embodiment but may be embodied in otherforms broadly defined in the claims.

Where in the claims the phrase independently forming a plurality ofcharges is used, this is to he understood as referring to the formationof the charges independently of each other as distinguished from theformation of a single ciiaige which would normally be compressed intothe main combustion chamber and the splitting up of said main chargeinto a plurality of smaller charges.

Having now described is claimed is:

l. An internal-combustion eiigine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a piston therein, means for igniting an explosive charge inthe cylinder, and means Ior igniting and thereafter introducing asupplemental charge into the cylinder during the working stroke of thepiston, substantially as described.

2. An interiial-coiiibustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a piston therein, means for igniting an explosive charge inthe cylinder, and means for ignitiiig and thereafter introducing asupplemental charge into the cylinder subsequently to the ignition ofthe charge in the cylinder and during the working stroke of the piston,substantially as described.

3, iin internal-coinbustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder,a piston therein, and means for forming and independentlycompressing a plurality of separate charges, and for imparting themsuccessively to the cylinder during the same working stroke of thepiston, substantially as described.

l. An intermal-combustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a piston therein, a plurality of combustion chambers connectedwith the cylinder, means for supplying the chambers with i l 'vemixture, and an igniting device in each chamber, substantially asdescribed.

5. An internal-combustion engine, having, in combination, a cylinder, apiston therein, an auxiliary combustion chamber, a connection betweenthe chamber and the cylinder for conducting the ignited charge to thecylinder, :i cam-actuated valve controlling said connection, means forsupplying explosive mixture to the cylinder and the auxiliary theinvention, what ging, in comliination.

combustion chamber, and igniting devices for igniting separately themixture in the cylinder and the auxiliary chamber, Substantially asdescribed.

6. An internal-coinbustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a main combustion chamber communicating therewith, a piston inthe cylinder, an auxiliary combustion chamber communicating with thecylinder at a point outside of the inmost position of the piston, meansfor supplying explosive mixture to the main and auxiliary combustionchambers. and separate igniting devices for the chambers, substantiallyas described.

7. An internal-combustion engine, having, in combination, a cylinder. apiston therein. an auxiliary combustion chamber connected With thecylinder at a point outside of the inmost position ot' the piston, acam-actuated valve controlling the connection be tween the cylinder andthe auxiliary combustion chamber, and means for supplying explosivemixture to the cylinder and chamber, substantially as described.

8. An internalcoinbustion enginediaving. in combination, a cylinderprovided with an inlet port and an exhaust port, a piston in thecylinder', an auxiliary combustion chainber connected with the cylinder,means for introducing an explosive charge into said chamber andignitingjr it. and means for interrupting communication between thechamber and the cylinder during the cha rgre.- compressing strolre ofthe piston in the cylinder. substantially as described.

9. An internal-combustion engine. hai ing.

in combination, a cylinder. a main combustion chamber connected with theinner end of the cylinder, an auxiliaryv combustion chamber connectedwith each end of the cylinder, means tor supplying.r explosive mixtureto each ciad of the cylinder, and a piston in the cylinder acting todraw in mixture and compress it at cach end of the cylinder to supi'ilythe .izombusiion char'ibers. and means ior iguiting the compressedcharges, substantially as described.

10. An internal-uomliustion engine. ha.YA ing, in combination. acylinder.. a main coinbustion chamber conn-'wird with one end thereof.an auxiliary combustion chamber connected with tbe other and. moans lorin trodilcingzy air into cach end of the cylinder. a piston in thecylinder acting.,r to compress the air in cach end bcrr-o5 and to forceit into the combustion chambers as part of an explosive charge tbcrcin.and separate ignition devices in the ir-:o combustion chambers.siibsbintially :uly dcacribed.

il'. An internal-Conilustion engine. haivv a cylinder. a piston therein,auxiliary devices lor igniting and introducingr into the cylinder areinforcinar charge during the expansion stroke of the piston, and meansi... throwing the auxiliary devices into and out of operation duringrthe continuid operation of the engine, substantially as described.

12. An internal-combustion engine, having, in combination, a cylinder, apiston therein, a main combustion chamber connected with the cylinder,an auxiliary combustion chamber connected with the cylinder, and meansfor admitting air to the auxiliary chamber operating alternately to forman explosive charge therein and to sweep the products ot combustiontherefrom, substantially as described.

13. A. four-cycle internal-combustion engine, having, in combination, acylinder closed at each end. a piston therein, inlet ralvcs foradmitting air to each end of the cylinder, an auxiliary combustionchamber communicating with the inner part of the cylinder and having;r avalved connection with the outer end of the cylinder' to receive airtherefrom at each outstroke of the piston, and means for igniting thecontents of the auxiliary combustion chamber at alternate outstrokes ofthe piston, substantially as described.

14. An internal-Coniliustion engine, havingr. in combination, acylinder, a piston therein, a auxiliary combustion chamber, means forsupplying; crvplosive mixture to the cylinder and to the auxiliarycombustion chamber, igniting deri efor ignitinar separately the mixturein the cylinder and in the auxiliary chamber. and connections betwccnthe auxiliary chamber and the cylinder to' conduct the ignited mixturefrom the chamber to the cylinder, sul'istantially as described.

An internalcombustion engine of the coniprcssion type. ha ring. incombination. a cylinder. a piston therein. means for supplying a ullcharge to the cylinder, and auxiliary devices for ,snppiving :inadditional charge during the worltiiig' stroke of the piston.substantially :r: duscribcd,

14'. An internal-conibusiion cngfinc of the compression type. having. incombination. a v'lindcix a piston therein. means *for normalijsiioplying` a full charac to the cylindcr. auxiliary'- dericcs forsnpplyinif un ad ditional charge duringr (hr working! stroke oi i'bcpiston. and means l'or throning the auxiliarv device@ into and out ofoperation. substantially as dcsicrilrcd.

i7. ..\n internal cembre-,tion cniinc. having, in combination. afrlinder. a piston therein. an auxiliary combustion chamber. aconnection between .said chamber and the cvlindcr. a valve controllingsaid connection. mechaniz-zn operative at the will ol` ine operator Vforactuating*r said valve. and means i'or supplyingy explosive mixturey totbe cylinder and to .said chamber. Lrlr-.tan-tirlly as de scribed.

18. An internal combustion engine, having, in combination, a cylinder, apiston therein, an auxiliary combustion chamber, a port in the cylinderWall located to be uncovered by the piston during its power stroke, aconnection between the chamber and the port, a valve controlling theconnection, mechanism for controlling the valve, and means for supplyingexplosive mixture to the cylinder and chamber, substantially asdescribed.

19. An internal combustion engine, having, in combination, a cylinder, apiston therein, means for supplying an explosive char e to the cylinder,and auxiliary devices for orming, igniting and imparting a supplementarycharge to the cylinder, substantially as described.

20. An internal combustion engine, having, in combination, a Workingcylinder, a piston therein, means for supplying a main charge ofexplosive mixture, and mechanism for independently measuring off anauxiliary charge and subsequently imparting said charge to the cylinderduring the Working Stroke of the piston, substantially as described.

21. An internal combustion engine, having, i'n combination, a` workingcylinder, a piston therein, an auxiliary combustion chamber, connectionsincluding a valve between the chamber and the cylinder constructed andarranged to throw the chamber into communication with the cylinder afterthe charge in the cylinder has been ignited and the piston has startedits Working stroke, and means for supplying explosive mixture to thecylinder and to the chamber, substantially as described.

22. An internal combustion engine, havlng, 1n combination, a Workingcylinder, a

plston therein, means for forming and igniting ay plurality of separateexplosive charges and for thereafter imparting them to the cylinderduring the same Working stroke of the piston, substantially asdescribed.

23. A four-cycle internal-combustion cngine, having, in combination, aWorking cylinder, a piston therein having a working face arranged todraw a charge of explosive mixture into the cylinder above said yorkingface on the suction stroke of thc piston, and to compress thc charge bythe Working face of the piston on the next succeeding stroke thereof, anauxiliary combustion chamber, a communication between said chamber andthe cylinder, means for controlling said commnnication, and mechanismindependent of the working face of the piston for supplying a. charge ofexplosive mixture to the chamber, substantially as described.

24. An internal combustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a piston therein, means for forming a plurality of charges ofexplosive mixture during different strokes of the piston and forimparting them to the cylinder during the same stroke of the piston,substantially as described.

25. An internal combustion engine, having, in combination, a workingcylinder, a piston therein, means for forming a plurality of charges ofexplosive mixture during successive strokes of the piston and forimparting them to the cylinder during the ame working stroke,substantially as described.

;N. A four-cycle internal combustion engine, having, in combination, aWorking cylinder closed at each end, a piston therein, valves at one endof the cylinder for controlling the admission and exhaust gases to andfrom the cylinder, connections between the cylinder on opposite sides ofthe piston, and means 'for rendering said connections operative orinoperative at the will of the operator5` substantially as described.

:27. A four-cycle internal-combustion engine, having. in con'ibination,ay Working cylinder closed at cach end, and having a port located to beuncovered by the piston during its working stroke, a` piston in thecylinder, means for supplying gaseous mixture lt each end of thccylinder, and connections between said port and the end of the cylindertoward which the piston moves on its working stroke, substantially asdescribed.

An internal cornbirvion engine, having, in combination. a 'workingcylinder closed at each end, a piston therein, means for compressingseparate charges of explosive mixture at cach end of the cylinder duringdifferent strokes of the piston, and for imparting them to the same ondof the cylinder` substantialiy as described.

ln testimony whereof l allix my signature, in presence. oi" twowitnesses.

ERSTIVTS E. XVINKLEY. Wi tn esse/s` FnxnM F. DoasEY, Hormon V Eyman.

